Sacred Texts, Major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sacrosanct Texts, Major - Essay Example Habel, O'Donoghue, Maddox (1993) state that sacrosanct writings of Islam incorporate the Holy Quran where it holds higher than the essential significance in Islam. The second most significant hallowed content in Islam is Hadith. Quran holds the most noteworthy significance as it is immovably accepted that Holy Quran is the expression of God and these were the words genuinely uncovered on the last Prophet. Muslim all around the globe accept the Holy Quran as the most holy expression of God. Hadith is sacrosanct content that holds a significance auxiliary to the Holy Quran. Hadith isn't only one book in certainty this is the aggregation of numerous books speaking to the truisms of the Last Prophet just as the adages of the caliphs in that period including numerous different devotees to Last prophet. Gordon (2002) says that the word Quran in the strict sense signifies To discuss when the word is paid special mind to implications in Arabic language. The word present is the main order that was conveyed to the Lat Prophet by holy messenger Gabriel. Recitation is the reality emphatically connected with the Holy Quran. The Holy Quran not just holds a most noteworthy expert in all the strict issues for all the Muslims around the globe yet Holy Quran has additionally been holding the main goal for interview in every single legitimate issue. All Muslims accept immovably that Holy Quran is a finished guide forever which not just has the strict issues and issues went along in one book yet additionally the approaches to pas life are likewise present inside the most hallowed book. Habel, O'Donoghue, Maddox (1993) talks about that it is undauntedly held by all Muslims that Holy Quran is a composed expression of God which is immaculate hence with no blunders being impeccable in each sense. It is held that the Holy Quran is an immaculate record of the considerable number of disclosures that had been made by blessed messenger Gabriel to the last Prophet. The course of events that has been depicted in messages for these disclosure ranges from 610 A.D till 632 A.D. It is said that the length of Quran is roughly equivalent to Christian New Testament having 114 Surahs. The game plan of these Surahs is from longest Surah to the briefest Surah. Surahs have been delegated Meccan or Medinan and this relies upon the Surah's inception. Message in the Quran is spread by methods for some artistic systems and scholarly gadgets. There is Arabic content in Holy Quran which is made out of topical structures that make the peruser review the message. As the content of Holy Quran is viewed as impeccable such a significant number of researchers respect the Holy content to be the rules to show Arabic language. The artistic perusers accept that Quran has the most rhymed grouping of Arabic language. Besides the refrains of the Holy Quran reflect explicitness, closeness along these lines asking the peruser a similar inquiry with respect to what will be of an incentive after this life. Capacities in network Gordon (2002) says that the Muslim people group views the Holy Quran as the expression of God and in this way it is the main solid word to follow to make the dealings throughout everyday life. Muslims accept that the consecrated word has the answer for each issue in life in this way recitation of the Holy Quran can prompt arrangements. All the social and the lawful issues are viewed as understood by counseling the Holy Quran. Huge highlights of Muslim custom Here in this

Thomas Hobbes Laws of Nature Essay -- Thomas Hobbes Philosophy

Thomas Hobbes: What Is The Difference Between Obligations In foro interno and In foro externo, and When Do We Have Such Obligations? As indicated by Thomas Hobbes, there are sure laws of nature which exist without a sorted out government. These laws are amazingly relentless, furthermore, place individuals in very perilous circumstances where their lives are in threat. Government is the response to this hazardous circumstance, yet it is here that the subject of commitment comes into question. Does one have a commitment to take a risk and keep the laws set out for them, or should they as it were consider themselves, and adhere to the laws of nature? This is an essential inquiry which I will investigate. As indicated by Hobbes, the superseding law of nature is slaughter or be executed. Hobbes accepted that, "every man has an option to everything, even to another man's body. What's more, accordingly, as long as this regular right of each man to everything endureth, there can be no security to any man(how solid or astute soever he be) of experienced the time which nature usually allowith men to live." Anyway he likewise accepted, "that a man be willing, when others are so as well as far-forward concerning harmony and protection of himself that he will think it important to set out this option to all things, and be mollified with to such an extent freedom against other men, as he would permit other men against himself." The question currently is, when do we have a commitment to endeavor towards harmony when it implies surrendering our n...

Hbs Case Study Guid free essay sample

What is the purpose of these cases? In opposition to what some may think, cases are not simply one more device utilized by firms to get rid of individuals of the expanding volume of candidates. They are in reality a fantastic pointer of how great you will be as a specialist, straightforward as can be. Practically ordinary, experts face the sorts of issues and questions regularly introduced in these cases. In many cases, extreme critical thinking questions are approached up close and personal by their customers, under tension, with the desires for accepting a few answers. The case is normally a business circumstance where the customer is confronting a troublesome issue with the organization/item/contenders or is thinking about another chance to investigate and solicits you to help address some from the issues. The case can be an issue, a circumstance, a question, a case of a genuine customer circumstance, a devised situation, or a gameâ€all rapped up into one. It is an activity for the organizations to test your explanatory deduction and to look at how well you can deal with critical thinking questions. It is additionally an extraordinary open door for you to decide if counseling is in reality directly for you. In the event that you despise critical thinking case meets, the probability that you will appreciate counseling is genuinely little. Since it is an activity in critical thinking, the case isn't tied in with finding the set in stone answer, yet rather about the strategy you use to determine your answer. It is about the inquiries you raise, the suspicions you make, the issues you recognize, the territories of investigation you organize, the systems you use, the innovativeness in question, the consistent arrangement you suggest, and the certainty and balance you present. HBS Case Interview Guide, Page 1 The case likewise gives a solid sign of your character in that sort of setting. Beside the critical thinking aptitudes recorded over, the questioner utilizes the case to decide if the firm would feel good placing you before a customer. Okay have the option to deal with a customer circumstance with certainty when given a comparative circumstance? Likewise, the questioner needs to check whether you have a great time taking care of issues. They need to see energy from you when confronted with uncertainty and intense issues. Experts quite often work in groups and the inquiries the questioner is posing to him/herself are: Would I need to staff this individual in my group? Would I have a ton of fun working with him/her? So ensure you are loose and have some good times. There are numerous kinds of cases that organizations use. This guide covers a portion of the systems and ideas that would assist you with handling most cases that come your direction. No case ever fits impeccably into a kind, such as promoting or procedure. A large portion of the cases introduced spread various ideas that would extend from advertise measuring and tasks to financial matters. This guide gives an audit of significant structures and ideas that will be exceptionally useful in Cracking the Case. HBS Case Interview Guide, Page 2 Overview of Case Frameworks A total comprehension of the structures and ideas canvassed in this area is basic to directing an effective case meet. Most Plans of Attack in Cracking the Case use at any rate one system, in many cases a few, to unravel the current issue and suggest an answer. NOTE: It is likewise significant for you NOT to legitimately apply these structures, I. e. you ought to never say during a case talk with, Im going to utilize the 4Cs structure, or Ill be applying Porters Five Forces. This methodology demonstrates no inventive or explanatory idea on your part! The more agreeable you become with these structures, the more you will begin to build up your own and redo them as per the idea of the case. Keep in mind, the questioner isn't searching for you to apply a cutout way to deal with each case. You are relied upon to make sound judgment with respect to which structures are proper and what parts of those systems are generally appropriate to the current issue. Systems are negligible empowering influences that sort out and control your reasoning. They are not the main thrust behind the arrangements and they positively are not simply the arrangement. The blend of your own knowledge, innovativeness, and readiness are the main impetuses! HBS Case Interview Guide, Page 3 Porter’s Five Forces Source: Michael E. Watchman, - Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors Michael Porters Five Forces is likely the most well known system utilized in getting ready for the case interviews. It has suffered as one of the structures most discussed by numerous individuals all through the counseling field. In spite of the fact that the Five Forces is an amazing structure in helping you sort out you contemplations, similar to some other system we spread in this guide, its examination isn't finished. The Five Forces ought to be utilized related to different systems to empower you to completely comprehend the current issues. Further, we just quickly address this structure here, however we have included progressively nitty gritty material of Porters work later in this guide. New Entrants Competitive preferred position in an industry is subject to five essential powers: x The danger of new contestants x The bartering intensity of purchasers/clients x The dealing intensity of providers x The risk of substitute items x Rivalry with contenders The level of these dangers decides the appeal of the market: x Intense rivalry permits insignificant overall revenues x Mild rivalry permits more extensive net revenues The objective is to evaluate whether an organization ought to enter/leave the business or discover a situation in the business where it can best protect itself against these powers or can impact them in support of its. Purchasers Competitive Rivalry Suppliers Substitute Products HBS Case Interview Guide, Page 4 Porter’s Five Forces Source: Michael E. Watchman, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors Barriers to Entry: There are various elements that decide the level of trouble in entering an industry: x Economies of scale x Product separation x Capital prerequisites versus exchanging costs x Access to dissemination channels x Cost points of interest autonomous of scale x Proprietary item innovation x Favorable access to crude materials x Favorable area x Government sponsorships x Learning bend x Government arrangement Relationship with Suppliers: A provider bunch is incredible if: x It isn't obliged to fight with other substitute items for deals in the business x The business isn't a significant client of the provider bunch x The provider bunch is a significant contribution to the purchasers business x The provider bunches items are separated or it has developed exchanging costs x The provider bunch represents a tenable danger of forward joining Substitute Products: Substitute items that merit the most consideration are those that: x Compete in cost with the industrys items x Are delivered by enterprises winning high benefits Rivalry: Rivalry among existing contenders increments if: x Numerous or similarly adjusted contenders exist x Industry development is moderate x Fixed expenses are high x There is absence of separation or exchanging costs x Capacity is expanded in huge additions Relationship with Buyers: A purchaser bunch is ground-breaking if: x It is thought or buys huge volumes comparative with dealers deals x The items it buys front the business are standard or undifferentiated x It faces barely any exchanging costs x Buyers represent a tenable danger of in reverse joining x The industrys item is irrelevant to the nature of the purchasers items or administrations x The purchaser has full data HBS Case Interview Guide, Page 5 Marketing/Strategy Concepts Review †Overview The Marketing/Strategy Concepts Review Module endeavors to empower the interviewee with abilities expected to assess the case from the point of view of a senior official.

Sherman Alexie s The Joy Of Reading And Writing ...

Cade Webb Sandra Hurst English 1113 Monday, September 21st Alexie and Douglas: Compare and Contrast Education is something that is often taken for granted in this day and age. Kids these days rebel against going to school all together. In the essays â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie and â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† by Frederick Douglass, we learn of two young men eager for knowledge. Both men being minors and growing up in a time many years apart, felt like taking how to read and write into their own hands, and did so with passion. On the road to a education, both Alexie and Douglass discover that education is not only pleasurable, but also painful. Alexie and Douglass both grew up in different times, in different environments, and in different worlds. They both faced different struggles and had different achievements, but they were not all that different. Even though they grew up in different times they both had the same views on how important of education was. They both saw education as freedom and as a way of self-worth e ven though they achieved their education in different ways. They both had a strong mind and a strong of sense of self-motivation. Sherman Alexie and Frederick Douglass grew up in different times and environments. Frederick Douglass was born in 1818 and was raised on a plantation as a slave, Alexie was born in 1966 and was raised as an Indian on a reservation, but being raised in different worlds did not make theirShow MoreRelatedSherman Alexie V. Frederick Douglass Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Frederick Douglass V. Sherman Alexie As a young child, we are given certain opportunities and guidance to expand our knowledge right off the bat when it comes to reading and writing. Going to school to get an education is what every parent aspires their child to do. Parents want the best for their children, to be accepted and to learn to their fullest extent just like every other child their age. However, there are many children and families who are not as privilegedRead MoreSimilarities Between Sherman Alexie, Malcolm X And Frederick Douglass1855 Words   |  8 Pagesthe language they speak. From reading sentences to reading paragraphs to reading novels, we try to achieve literacy. However, some of the greatest public speakers and writers did not achieve it through the way most people did. This is shown in the literary works of Frederick Douglass, Malcolm X, and Sherman Alexie. Like these people, literacy isn’t achieved by simply going to school. It’s achieved through great perseverance and through gr eat tenacity. Sherman Alexie, Malcolm X and Frederick DouglassRead MoreThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me, By Sherman Alexie1370 Words   |  6 Pagesthe story â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie, talked about being a middle-class Indian living in American. â€Å"If heÊ »d been anything but an Indian boy living on the reservation, he might have been called a prodigy. But he is an Indian boy living on the reservation and is simply an oddity† (Alexie 24). Since Alexie was Indian he wasn t accepted and praised for his talents in reading instead he was made an outcast. Being a smart Indian meant that Alexie was ridiculedRead MoreAnalysis Of On Dumpster Diving Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesdeserve just like everyone else. C) A contemporary issue that is raised In the essay, â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid† by Nicholas Carr, is the possibility of the internet affecting our thought process in being unable to focus on books or longer pieces of writing. He talks about the difficulty to pay attention nowadays because of the distractions of the internet and we are now unable to deeply read an intellectual article. He states in the essay that his â€Å"concentration often [started] to drift after two orRead MoreValue Of Tradition And Culture1805 Words   |  8 Pagesmentioned, â€Å"My aunt told me that when you were saved you saw a light†¦ And Jesus came into your life!† !182). Therefore, Hughes believed her and waiting in church to see the change in his life. Hughes overall concept in his essay implies to provide a sense of identity in describing his life full of religious beliefs and thoughts. For example, Hughes seems confused because nothing has happened to him and felt the atten tion from others, â€Å"†¦while prayers and songs swirled all around me†¦.Suddenly the whole

Who Were the Etruscans (Tyrrhenians)

The Etruscans, people from the Etrurian region of the Italian peninsula, were known as the Tyrrhenians to the Greeks. They were at their height in Italy from the 8th to the 5th century BCE, and they were rivals and to a degree precursors to the Greeks. Their language was not Indo-European, like Greek and other Mediterranean languages were, and they had other characteristics that led the Greeks to much speculation about where they originated. Etruria was located in what is modern Tuscany, in the area bounded by the Tiber and Arno rivers, the Apennines and the Tyrrhenian Sea. The Etruscan economy was based on agriculture, trade (especially with the Greeks and Carthage), and mineral resources. Origins of the Etruscans Herodotus (mid-5th century CE) believed that the Etruscans came from Lydia, in Asia Minor, as the result of a famine around 1200 BCE, just as the Irish came to the U.S. as a result of a potato famine in the 19th century. The name of the Etruscans, which was Tyrrhenian  or Tyrsenian, according to the Greeks, came from the leader of the Lydian à ©migrà ©s, King Tyrsenos. The Hellenistic scholar Dionysius of Halicarnassus (c. 30 BCE) quotes an earlier historian, Hellanicus (contemporary of Herodotus), who objected to the Lydian origin theory on the basis of differences between Lydian and Etruscan languages and institutions. For Hellanicus, the Etruscans were Pelasgians from the Aegean. A stele from Lemnos, an island in the Aegean, shows writing that appears similar to Etruscan, a language that remains a puzzle for historical linguists. Dionysius own opinion on the Etruscans origins is that they were home-grown residents of Italy. He also says the Etruscans called themselves Rasenna. Modern Theories Twenty-first century scholars have access to archaeology and DNA, and one 2007 study suggested that at least some of the Etruscan ancestors came into Italy during the late Bronze Age, ca. 12th–10th century BCE, along with domesticated cows. Combined with the Greek histories, there are still three current origin theories: they migrated as a group from an Eastern Mediterranean province, perhaps Lydia in Asia Minor;they migrated from over the Alps from the north, in the region known as the Rhaetians; orthey evolved locally as descendants from the Pelasgians, but had some eastern cultural contacts and an influx of population. Etruscans and Early Rome Successors of the early Iron Age Villanovans (900–700 BCE), Etruscans built such cities as Tarquinii, Vulci, Caere, and Veii. Each autonomous city, originally ruled by a powerful, wealthy king, had a sacred boundary or pomerium. Etruscan homes were mud-brick, with timber on stone foundations, some with upper stories. In southern Etruria, the bodies of the dead were buried, but in the north, the Etruscans cremated their dead. Much evidence about the early inhabitants of Italy comes from Etruscan funereal remains. The Etruscans exerted a heavy influence on early Rome, contributing to the line of Roman kings with the Tarquins. The possible, but debated dominance of the Etruscans ended with the Roman sack of Veii, in 396 BCE. The final stage in the Roman conquest of the Etruscans was when the Volsinii were destroyed in 264 BCE, although the Etruscans maintained their own language until about the first century BCE. By the first century CE the language was already a concern for scholars, like Emperor Claudius. Sources Cornell, T. J. The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c.1000–264 BC). London: Routledge, 1995.  Pellecchia, Marco, et al. The Mystery of Etruscan Origins: Novel Clues from . Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274.1614 (2007): 1175–79. Bos taurus Mitochondrial DNAPerkins, Philip. DNA and Etruscan Identity. Etruscology. Ed. Naso, Alessandro. Vol. 1. Boston MA: Walter de DeGruyter Inc., 2017. 109–20. Torelli, Mario. History: Land and People. In Etruscan Life and Afterlife: A Handbook of Etruscan Studies. (ed) Ulf, Christoph. An Ancient Question: The Origin of the Etruscans. Etruscology. Ed. Naso, Alessandro. Vol. 1. Boston MA: Walter de DeGruyter Inc., 2017. 11–34. Villin, E. Prof. G. Nicoluccis Anthropology of Etruria. The Journal of Anthropology 1.1 (1870): 79-89.

Why do individuals commit crimes - 1381 Words

THEORIES OF CRIME Uka 5 THEORIES OF CRIME Uka 6 Can I Have Some Theory With That Crime? Why do individuals commit crimes? Society today is very well concerned with this matter. In todays time, there are psychologists, criminologists, biologists, and sociologists searching for an answer. In reality, the answer to this question is very hard to find out. However, for centuries, researchers of all kinds have been persistent in analyzing criminals for an answer. The scholarly attention to crime from various perspectives has allowed for an extensive range of theories which are based on three broad theoretical approaches of explaining criminal behaviour. These theoretical approaches, which focus on the causes of crime and deviance in modern†¦show more content†¦It is a part of the unconscious mind, which means that we are not aware of it. The id wants whatever it can get, which relates to the pleasure principle. This means that it wants immediate release or satisfaction, and will do what it has to do to get it, regardless of rational considerations), the ego (part of the conscious mind, and works as part of the reality principle. The ego decides when it is appropriate for the id get what it wants. If it is not an appropriate time, the ego will suppress the id s urges until there is a more appropriate time) and the superego(the moral arm of the personality. It consists of the ideas and values of society. The superego will suppress the id s urges, blocking the id from getting any satisfaction). When an individual experiences a bad childhood, one which lacked love, guidance and/or nurturing, they are unable to properly develop their personality. Psychodynamic theorists say that criminal actions are caused by an underdeveloped superego. This underdeveloped superego sways the individual away from doing what s right but instead doing what s satisfactory (Miller, 2009). Undoubtedly, I agree with the Psychological Theory. An individuals overall psychological state is an important factor to their personality, temperament and intelligence. Specifically, I do find the Psychodynamic Theory a major element that drives criminals. Most importantly, research suggests that individuals with weak egos are more likely to engage in drugShow MoreRelatedWhy Do Individuals Commit Crimes?906 Words   |  4 PagesPsychodynamic Theory The reason for criminal behavior has been studied for years. There is a basic question, why do individuals commit crimes? There have been many different suspicions or theories as to why crimes are committed. Some may believe in the theories while others disagree with them. Some may have strong beliefs that certain individuals choose to act a certain way, while others may believe that their actions are out of their control. There is also a theory that negative, criminalRead MoreOutline Of An Overall Theory918 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to www.merriam-webster.com the term â€Å"crime† is defined as: â€Å"an illegal act for which someone can be punished by the government†. Some individuals in our society commit some type of crime every day, but why? In this assignment I will try to compile an overall theory as to why individuals commit crimes. While doing my research I came across 10 reasons/factors that can possibly explain why individuals commit crimes. These reasons include: The Prison System, drugs, depression and other socialRead MoreRoutine Activity And Situational Crime Prevention Theory1082 Words   |  5 PagesRoutine activity theory states that for a crime to be committed, three important factors need to be present including: a motivated offender, an accessible target, and the absence of a capable guardian against a violation. Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen introduced the routine activity theory in 1979, where they believed that an individual who has these three characteristics gives them a greater possibility of committing a crime. Moreover, situational crime prevention is known as strategies of waysRead MoreBehavioral Learning Theory Essay901 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment as well as societys impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they made. A basic assumption is that behavior is learned and modeled by individuals, groups, the media, and society as a whole. The theory explains why people commit crime for a number of reasons. People commit crime because of the benefits and the rewards theyRead MoreThe Four Body Types Of William H. Sheldon s Somatotyping966 Words   |  4 Pagestype and identify which one Sheldon believed was related to delinquency and crime. The four body types in William H Sheldon s somatotyping are endomorphs, mesomorphs, ectomorphs, and balanced individuals. Endomorphs are individuals who have a large stomach and are overweight. Mesomorphs are individuals who have a larger muscle mass and are athletic. Ectomorphs are individuals who are tall and frail. Balanced individuals are not overweight, too muscular, or too thin. Sheldon believed mesomorphsRead MoreWhy People Commit Crimes1403 Words   |  6 Pagesperson has it own opinion. Crime is the human conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws, according with Schmalleger. The criminal behavior is the antisocial acts that a person commits for different reasons. This means that the person violated laws constantly for a long or short time period. There are many reasons why criminals commit crimes. Some of the criminals commit crimes for necessity, others forRead MoreAntisoc ial Personality Theory vs. Social Structure Theory Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pageswhich crime is considered as a social happening. The study of Criminology includes the ways and methods of breaking laws, making laws and social/media/cultural reactions of the society to crime. There have been many theories as to why people commit crime, no one can decide on just one theory to explain this. Two popular theories as to why people commit crime are antisocial personality theory and social structure theory. The aspects behind these theories make the most reliable sense as to why peopleRead MoreCriminal Behavior And The Criminal Acts1115 Words   |  5 PagesIt is not an easy task to try and figure out why people commit criminal acts. Criminal behavior has been studied for many years and theories have been suggested as to this very topic. Criminal behavior is when an individual commits a criminal act. A criminal act constitutes the violation of breaking the law. Criminal behavior can be l inked to many crimes like organized crime along with misdemeanors and felonies (Jones, 2005). Burglaries are no exception when it comes to criminal behavior. BurglariesRead MoreAssess the Usefulness of Functionalist Approaches in Explaining Crime. (21)964 Words   |  4 Pageswhole. They explain crime and deviance by stating that the source of deviance lies in the nature of society rather than the individual. Durkheim states that crime and deviance is inevitable and a certain level is necessary for society to exist. He also claims that it is a positive aspect of society as it shows examples of rights and wrongs within society and by punishing offenders, through ways such as public humiliation and portraying crime as wrong, raises awareness of crime and therefore detersRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1216 Words   |  5 Pages Crime has always been a part in society and reacting to crimes and the severity of crimes has been and ever evolving issue on how authorities should punish in order to deter people from breaking the laws of the land. Therefore, certain people have created theories on why individuals commit crimes. The two most famous schools of that are Classical Theory and Biological/Positivist Theory. These theories contain insights to why people commit crimes and the most effective way to deal with these

Museum of Modern Art free essay sample

The museum was founded in 1929 by three public citizens, Lillie P. Bliss, Mary Quinn Sullivan and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. The works in the museum collection date from the 1880s to the present day and include many icons of modern and contemporary art. From an initial gift of eight prints and one drawing, the permanent collection has grown to encompass more than 100,000 works in a variety of mediums. The museum is initially located in Manhattan at 53rd street. The Modern Art Museum is truly a place of surprise. Being that it was my first time attending such a variety, I was first amazed by the hundreds of people that were there of all ages and societies. Then I was even more struck at how everyone was filled with a distinct love and passion for the arts, as smiles and camera flashes illuminated every floor at MoMA. Aside from these truths, all of the different paintings, drawings, photographs, and their creative nature was also in itself truly amazing, even on second floor; they hang the helicopter on the air. We will write a custom essay sample on Museum of Modern Art or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It might seem like miss match to art museum, but in MoMA, it is acceptable. I believe MoMA has art work that had curiosity. In somewhere or somehow we’ve been see those materials that they use, and most of them are seems like have simple structure. Therefore, it gives close feeling that anyone can enjoy art, even if doesn’t know about art, but in MoMA, I believe everyone can find their favorite art work. Barbara Kruger is a conceptual artist and her pictures have been displayed in galleries or public. Kruger has created installations of video, film, audio and projection as well. Her work focuses on consistently about the kindnesses and brutalities of social life: about how we are to one another. Her graphic work is mainly black and white photographs with overlaid captions set in white on a red poster. The phrases that she uses in her work are declarative. Therefore, she makes common use of pronouns such as; you, your, I, we, and they. The combination of imagery and text containing criticism of sexism and the circulation of power within cultures is a recurring pattern in Krugers work. Krugers piece, ‘I shop therefore I am’, focuses on the world as a consumer culture. For some people, shopping has turned into a lifestyle consuming at our leisure. Some feel that, the power of consumption is stopping us from finding true and sincere happiness; and that shopping often works as a substitute for something that we’re missing in life. Consumer culture has a strong power over the people. The focus is about what we buy and what we choose to invest in, the world we live in will be the result of these choices. I feel that this is the message that Barbara Kruger was trying to portray through her art. Every time I visit MoMA I do so from slightly older eyes. It’s interesting to note the pieces that I always love, the ones I lose interest in and the ones I see differently having since learned different things. Knowledge of an artist’s life can provide a new level of appreciation for his or her work while understanding of a time period can tell subtle commentaries within a piece. MoMA continues to impress me with its unique array of exhibitions and again its lovely permanent collection. I look forward to what it will offer next.

Irregardless Is Not a Word

IRREGARDLESS IS NOT A WORD Sometimes when trying to achieve a fun, casual tone in writing, especially important in many marketing and sales projects, it’s usually best to write the same way we talk, right? Wrong. Our speech is riddled with poor grammar and misused words because we don’t have the advantage of editing our words as we speak (but wouldn’t that make the world a much better place?). We become accustomed to hearing words and phrases improperly used and incorporate them into our writing – but, even though these words, phrases, and poor grammatical structures are acceptable in speech, they are dead giveaways of poor copywriting. So when writing an article, the word â€Å"restauranteur† kept showing up in red on my spell-check program. I didn’t understand the problem until my editor corrected me – the proper word is â€Å"restaurateur.† If I had been speaking, I could have faked it. But when mistakes are written on the page in black and white, they appear larger than life. A good example of a phrase that is commonly misused in speech and then transferred into writing is â€Å"for all intensive purposes.† What exactly is an â€Å"intensive purpose?† That phrase makes no sense at all – the correct phrase is â€Å"for all intents and purposes.† And then there’s my number one pet-peeve of all time, and a telltale sign of poor, uninformed writing: should of, would of, and could of. When speaking, we often use the contractions â€Å"should’ve, would’ve, could’ve,† which sounds like we are saying â€Å"should of, would of, could of.† In fact, because they are contractions, the correct usage is should have, would have, and could have. With a thorough background in grammar and some careful editing, these mistakes can be avoided. Spelling, grammar, and correct usage are the essential building blocks of polished writing. Be sure to watch out for those homonyms, most spell-check programs won’t pick them up. If you don’t know the difference between affect and effect, or when to use to, two, and too, try an internet search and brush up on commonly misused words. And no, â€Å"irregardless† is certainly not a word, no matter how often you hear it in usage. â€Å"Regardless† is a better term – and correct †¦ look it up!

122 Tone Words to Set the Mood in Your Story

122 Tone Words to Set the Mood in Your Story SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In writing, an author’s tone is his or her general attitude or feelings about the work’s subject matter and audience. Tone words are used to help express that attitude. In this article, we’ll talk about what tone words are, analyze their use in several examples, and give a list of tone words with definitions that you can use in your writing. What Are Tone Words? Authors convey tone through diction (word choice), viewpoint, and syntax. Tone words are specific words that help express an author’s attitude about the subject matter. Words typically have a positive, negative, or neutral connotation. Tone words help authors show whether they feel positively, negatively, or neutrally about what they’re writing about. Here are some examples of tone words in action: The proposal is so absurd that it can’t possibly be taken seriously. The tone word â€Å"absurd† indicates that the writer finds the proposal ridiculous or silly. The politician’s speech was eloquent. The tone word â€Å"eloquent† has a positive connotation, which indicates that the author found the speech articulate and persuasive. Tonevs Voice Many writers confuse tone and voice or use the two terms interchangeably. In fact, they’re very different. As we’ve already discussed, tone indicates an author or character’s attitude towards a certain topic or situation. In nonfiction, tone words indicate what the author thinks. In fiction, tone words can help to set the mood, showing whether a particular situation or interaction is tense, happy, sad, etc. Voice, on the other hand, refers to the overall personality of a work. An author’s voice may be sarcastic, informative, friendly, or something else entirely. You can remember the difference this way: tone changes all the time. Voice refers to the character that a piece has throughout. Tone can change from sentence to sentence, while voice stays consistent. Here’s an example: In a young adult novel, the author has a casual voice. She doesn’t use a particularly complex vocabulary and her writing is very approachable. Within the story, the character experiences conflict and triumph. In the scenes where there is conflict, the tone words indicate tension. In the scenes where there is triumph, tone words indicate joy. The author’s overall type of word choice and approach to writing will remain the same throughout the work, but the specific words she uses will change as she describes different situations. Put another way: voice is how readers recognize you, the author, in your work. Voice is personal to each author and lasts throughout a piece. Tone words, on the other hand, indicate the author's (or character's) reactions to or opinions of events that are happening. As different events happen, the tone shifts. How to Find the Right Tone for Your Work To find the right tone for your work, you need to consider your audience and message. Start by asking yourself these three questions: Who am I writing this piece for? What am I trying to tell my reader? How do I want my reader to feel? Your audience will dictate the types of words you choose. If you’re writing for an academic audience, you may use more complicated language than if you’re writing for kids. You also want to consider what you're telling your reader. Do you want them to walk away with a positive or negative opinion of what you're presenting? How do you want them to feel about the information you're giving? These questions will help you decide what words to use in your work. Tone Word Example Analysis Let’s take a look at two examples of tone words in classic literature. A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"It was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference.† This excerpt demonstrates a calm, peaceful tone. Words like â€Å"settled† and â€Å"quiet† indicate the old man is relaxed and feeling safe. The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe â€Å"I gasped for breath, and yet the officers heard it not. I talked more quickly, more vehemently but the noise steadily increased. I arose and argued about trifles, in a high key and with violent gesticulations; but the noise steadily increased. Why WOULD they not be gone? I paced the floor to and fro with heavy strides, as if excited to fury by the observations of the men, but the noise steadily increased. O God! What COULD I do? I foamed I raved I swore!† This passage from The Tell-Tale Heart indicates a nervous, anxious tone. The phrases â€Å"violent gesticulations† and â€Å"heavy strides† display the rising action and contribute to the feeling of intensity. The Ultimate List of Tone Words These tone words will help establish the tone in your work. Tone Word Meaning Abashed ashamed or embarrassed; also, disconcerted Absurd ridiculous; silly. Accusatory a tone of accusation; to accuse of a crime or offense Admonishing cautioning, reproving or scolding; especially in a mild and good-willed manner; reminding. Adoring to regard with esteem, love, and respect; honor Amused pleasurably entertained, occupied, or diverted. Apathetic having or showing little or no emotion; indifferent or unresponsive. Benevolent characterized by or expressing goodwill or kindly feelings. Bewildered completely puzzled or confused; perplexed. Biting sarcastic, having a biting or sarcastic tone. Bitter characterized by intense antagonism or hostility. Blunt abrupt in manner; obtuse. Bold not hesitating or fearful in the face of danger or rebuff; courageous and daring. Brusque abrupt in manner; blunt; rough. Calm free from excitement or passion; tranquil. Candid frank; outspoken Cheery in good spirits. Churlish critical or harsh in a mean-spirited way. Comic funny; humorous. Commanding imposing; having an air of superiority. Conceited having an excessively favorable opinion of one’s self or abilities. Contentious argumentative, quarrelsome. Curt rudely brief in speech or abrupt Desperate having an urgent need, desire. Detached impartial or objective; disinterested; unbiased/ not concerned; aloof. Diabolic devilish; fiendish; outrageously wicked. Disbelieving to have no belief in; refuse or reject belief in. Disdainful expressing contempt or disdain. Disgusted to excite nausea or loathing in. To offend the taste or moral sense of. Disrespectful showing a lack of respect; rude and discourteous. Disturbed marked by symptoms of mental illness. Doubtful uncertain outcome or result. Dramatic of or pertaining to drama; excessively confrontational. Dreary causing sadness or gloom. Earnest serious in intention or sincerely zealous. Ebullient overflowing with enthusiasm, or excitement; high-spirited. Ecstatic in a state of ecstasy; rapturous. Effusive unreserved or unduly demonstrative. Egotistical vain; boastful; indifferent to the well-being of others; selfish. Elated very happy or proud; jubilant; in high spirits. Embarrassed to feel self-conscious or ill at ease. Enraged to make extremely angry; put into a rage; infuriate. Enthusiastic excited; energetic Evasive ambiguous; cryptic; unclear Excited emotionally aroused; stirred Facetious inappropriate; flippant Flippant superficial; glib; shallow; thoughtless; frivolous Forceful powerful; energetic; confident; assertive Formal respectful; stilted; factual; following accepted styles/rules Frank honest; direct; plain; matter-of-fact Frustrated annoyed; discouraged Gentle kind; considerate; mild; soft Ghoulish delighting in the revolting or the loathsome Grim serious; gloomy; depressing; lacking humour;macabre Gullible naà ¯ve; innocent; ignorant Hard unfeeling; hard-hearted; unyielding Humble deferential; modest Humorous amusing; entertaining; playful Hypercritical unreasonably critical; hair splitting; nitpicking Impartial unbiased; neutral; objective Impassioned filled with emotion; ardent Imploring pleading; begging Impressionable trusting; child-like Inane silly; foolish; stupid; nonsensical Incensed enraged Incredulous disbelieving; unconvinced; questioning; suspicious Indignant annoyed; angry; dissatisfied Informative instructive; factual; educational Inspirational encouraging; reassuring Intense earnest; passionate; concentrated; deeply felt Intimate familiar; informal; confidential; confessional Ironic the opposite of what is meant Irreverent lacking respect for things that are generally taken seriously Jaded bored; having had too much of the same thing; lack enthusiasm Joyful positive; optimistic; cheerful; elated Judgmental critical; finding fault; disparaging Light-Hearted carefree; relaxed; chatty; humorous Loving affectionate; showing intense, deep concern Macabre gruesome; horrifying; frightening Malicious desiring to harm others or to see others suffer; ill-willed; spiteful Mean-Spirited inconsiderate; unsympathetic Mocking scornful; ridiculing; making fun of someone Mourning grieving; lamenting; woeful Naà ¯ve innocent; unsophisticated; immature Narcissistic self-admiring; selfish; boastful; self-pitying Nasty unpleasant; unkind; disagreeable; abusive Negative unhappy, pessimistic Nostalgic thinking about the past; wishing for something from the past Objective without prejudice; without discrimination; fair; based on fact Optimistic hopeful; cheerful Outraged angered and resentful; furious; extremely angered Outspoken frank; candid; spoken without reserve Pathetic expressing pity, sympathy, tenderness Patronizing condescending; scornful; pompous Pensive reflective; introspective; philosophical; contemplative Persuasive convincing; eloquent; influential; plausible Pessimistic seeing the negative side of things Philosophical theoretical; analytical; rational; logical Playful full of fun and good spirits; humorous; jesting Pragmatic realistic; sensible Pretentious affected; artificial; grandiose; rhetorical; flashy Regretful apologetic; remorseful Resentful aggrieved; offended; displeased; bitter Resigned accepting; unhappy Restrained controlled; quiet; unemotional Reverent showing deep respect and esteem Righteous morally right and just; guiltless; pious; god-fearing Scathing critical; stinging; unsparing; harsh Scornful expressing contempt or derision; scathing; dismissive Sentimental thinking about feelings, especially when remembering the past Sincere honest; truthful; earnest Solemn not funny; in earnest; serious Thoughtful reflective; serious; absorbed Tolerant open-minded; charitable; patient; sympathetic; lenient Tragic disastrous; calamitous Unassuming modest; self-effacing; restrained Uneasy worried; uncomfortable; edgy; nervous Virtuous lawful; righteous; moral; upstanding Whimsical quaint; playful; mischievous; offbeat Witty clever; quick-witted; entertaining Wonder awe-struck; admiring; fascinating Worried anxious; stressed; fearful Tone Words: Final Thoughts Tone words help you convey your attitude towards a subject. Tone can change throughout your work as you talk about different topics. There are thousands of tone words you can use to express your attitude in your work. What’s Next? Reading The Great Gatsby for class or even just for fun?Then you'll definitely want to check out our expert guides on the biggest themes in this classic book, from love and relationships to money and materialism. Got questions about Arthur Miller'sThe Crucible? Readour in-depth articles to learn about the most important themes in this playand to geta complete rundown of all the characters. For more information on your favorite works of literature, take a look at our collection of high-quality book guides! Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Hayley Milliman About the Author Hayley Milliman is a former teacher turned writer who blogs about education, history, and technology. When she was a teacher, Hayley's students regularly scored in the 99th percentile thanks to her passion for making topics digestible and accessible. In addition to her work for PrepScholar, Hayley is the author of Museum Hack's Guide to History's Fiercest Females. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Chemical compound Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chemical compound - Essay Example he mineral spirit for various issues and this may amount to poisoning .The severity of exposure to this compound is evident in its symptomatic respiratory challenge, headache, and irritation of the skin. The hydrocarbon part of the mineral spirit has carbon which has more affinity to oxygen when inhaled and deprive hemoglobin its ability to combine with oxygen hence leading strained breathing. The relevance of this article is evident in this era of increased use of paints and drug addiction which include inhalation of such mineral spirits. Although many people have deliberately or ignorantly used these compounds, the dander is reflected in increased respiratory problems. It is worth to note that as part of the health guide and prevailing risk of exposure to some chemical compounds, the article is significant. The article gives an insight into the causes, effects, symptoms and immediate remedial measures towards a victim of exposure to these chemical compounds. The affordability and wide scope of applying mineral spirit has seen it cause phenomenal cases of poisoning that in extreme cases end in fatalities. It is therefore important to understand the chemical component of any compound to establish the extent of

Technological determinism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Technological determinism - Essay Example In relation to this, the notion of technological determinism is referred to the belief that new technology will certainly lead to a cultural as well as social change which further seeks to ensure certain developments in the media and technology dimensions within the society on a whole (O'Loughlin, 2010). Based on this understanding, the paper will provide an insight on how a particular technology is responsible for any sort of cultural and social change. Technological Determinism Theoretically, technological determinism is described as an idiom that depicts how the evolution of technologies influence change in the standard of living of human beings. It is often described as among the most important aspects that positively impact the overall society. Technological determinism is further believed that technological determinism is a media technology that shapes the perceptions of people living in the society and brings significant changes in the way they act and feel. As per this partic ular idiom, technology innovation, with the passing time becomes a bit faded but is well capable to bring considerable changes in the society. Moreover, in the similar context, it is also believed that introduction of any sort of technology in the society influences people to adopt the same which brings changes in their behaviour and eventually alters the overall nature of the society. Stating precisely, technological determinism addresses the impact of different technologies on the overall functioning of the society (McLuhan, 2010). Arguments in Support of Technology and its Impacts on Culture and Society Undoubtedly, technology has driven some significant changes in the society and the culture of the modern day scenario. It has to be mentioned that the impacts of technology in the society can be both negative and positive. Contextually, when assessing the societal and cultural impressions led by technology innovations, the role of mass communication and telecommunication can be ob served apparently imposing positive changes within the society and culture. Taking into account the effects of mass communication and telecommunication technologies, it can be justifiably argued that technology is quite a powerful prospect which is well capable of influencing the lifestyle preferences and beliefs of people and the society at large with a wider prospect for exchanging thoughts and stimulating cultural diversity (O'Loughlin, 2010). Effects of Mass Communication on Society and Culture Mass communication is the overall blend of technologies such as radio, television, newspaper, films and advertising among others. After the evolution of these technologies, a significant change had been observed in the behaviour and standard of living of people which eventually impacted the culture and the society at large irrespective of geographical limits and cultural variances. The introduction of these technologies in the society further allowed people to experience or perform tasks that would had otherwise been stated as unimaginable. For instance, since its innovation and with

The Victorian period Essay Example for Free

The Victorian period Essay TASK: Pip changes a lot during his time in London. As we read the second stage of the novel, we do not like what we see of Pip because he becomes more and more of a snob. Do you agree with this opinion? The hero of Great Expectations is Pip and throughout the novel, our opinions of him change drastically. During his stay in London Pip changes the most and as we go on to read the second stage of the novel, we often fail to sympathise with Pip because he becomes more and more of a snob. Prior to his arrival in London, Pip makes it quite clear that he wishes to become a gentleman so that he can ultimately win over Estellas heart and with it her hand in marriage. But what exactly is a gentleman? A modern dictionary definition of this is: A well-mannered honourable man who may have a good social position. This is not too far away from the Victorian view (which would have been adopted by Magwitch and later on by Pip) as to what would have made a gentleman. At that time, any man was high in social rank or class, had the right by birth to be called a gentleman. A gentleman was also someone who could profitably manage his finances and would eventually own their own estate. A gentleman was also honourable and chivalrous and was a person against whom moral values could be judged. In short, a gentleman was an ideal for others to strive towards. During Pips stay in London, he becomes acquainted with many people. After his reunion with the pale young gentleman (Herbert Pocket) in the Barnards Inn, he meets the rest of Herberts family. It is at this point in the novel that we are introduced to Bentley Drummle. Pip immediately takes a dislike to Drummle and believes that Drummle can never be a true gentleman at heart because he was arrogant, snobbish and neither chivalrous nor honourable hardly making him a role model in society. However, Drummles lavish lifestyle and attitudes eventually rub off on Pip who consequently decides to join a frivolous and expensive London club and to hire a servant. Like a fast spreading poison, the lavishness and carelessness of Pips lifestyle corrupts Herberts life and lands them both in heavy debt as we are told later on in the novel. Just as there are gentleman who can be considered as being true at heart, there also those in the novel mainly Drummle and Compeyson, who certainly are not. It is a principle of his [Matthew Pocket] that no man who was a true gentleman at heart, ever was, since the world began, a true gentleman in manner. They are both only gentlemen by right of birth. Drummle is a spider fellow who possesses arrogance and snobbery of the highest order, has almost no moral values and is certainly not an ideal for others to strive towards. Compeyson is far from being honourable and chivalrous (he jilted Miss Havisham twenty minutes before they were to be joined together in holy matrimony), has no moral values (is happy to manipulate people just for money) and like Drummle, is not an ideal for others to strive towards. In the novel, Compeyson represents the greed of some of the middle class society and the beginnings of middle class crime, which occurred during the Victorian period. Pip makes it clear that he does not wish to turn out like either of the aforementioned characters but when Joe comes to visit Pip, this is not the case. Upon hearing of Joes intended visit (Chapter 27), Pip explicitly expresses his feelings to reader. He admits that if the chance arose, he would pay to keep Joe away from the Inn. If I could have kept him away by paying money, I certainly would have paid money. The apparent reason for this is that he does not wish for Joe to run into Drummle who Pip quite clearly holds in contempt (e. g. his self-revelation about his self-centredness at Jaggers dinner party [Chapter 26]). He criticises Joe before he arrives on his clumsy manner and his inability to read fluently. This was somewhat a strange criticism coming from Pip as at the time of the novel, there was no compulsory State education and reading was a much more common ability than writing. The criticism itself is very reminiscent of the way Estella criticises his appearance at his first visit to Satis House (Chapter 8). After Joe arrives, Pip illicitly makes him feel unwanted. He pays more attention to others at his home, especially to news from Miss Havisham and Estella. In general, the atmosphere is tense with Pip feeling very uncomfortable until Herbert enters the room. When Herbert enters the room, there is a drastic change in the rooms atmosphere. Herbert and Joe get on quite well with each other with friendly chat and Herbert offering Joe a warm beverage. Pip is unafraid for Joe to be seen by Herbert (who Pip believes is a gentleman at heart and of the sort of company that he would want Joe to see him with). However, this pleasant warm atmosphere is short-lived when Herbert has to tend to his hat. After Herbert leaves the room, Joe gets so uncomfortable that he is forced to explain to Pip why he really came to see him.

African Influenced Christianity in Toni Morrison’s Beloved Essay

Religion has influenced fiction since people first began writing fiction. Christianity tends to be one of the most influential forces on western writers in the last couple millennia, but the introduction of other cultures changes the influences present in books. The forced migration of enslaved Africans created a fascinating fusion between Christianity and native african religions, primarily totemistic but often involving archetypal pantheons. The slaves often identified with the Israelites enslaved in Egypt, and such parallels between biblical stories and their own experiences hastened the adoption of a modified Christianity by the slaves. Events in Toni Morrison’s Beloved reflect the experiences of the Israelites and other biblical figures in ways modified by native African religions. The slaves identification with the Israelites is used by Toni Morrison, who gives Paul D an equally divine rescue. So he raced from dogwood to blossoming peach. When they thinned out he headed for the cherry blossoms, then magnolia, chinaberry, pecan, walnut, prickly pear. At last he reached a fiel...

Re-organization and Layoff- Issue Paper Essay

Problem Identification and formulation will be reviewed using the team discussion from Week 2. The paper will: Summarize the issue; Identify the problem; Explain why it is the underlying problem; Reflect on the group collaboration process in defining the problem; and Explain how a clearly defined problem could help to find the solutions. Summarize The Issue The problem presented in article by Bouw, Mismanaged Layoffs can go ‘Horribly Wrong, is the lack of proper and well-managed policy around employee lay-offs. Most managers are trained to handle a corporate crisis. Employers should approach any job losses with caution and always be respectful. Companies should consider whether job losses are necessary and the impact on operations internally, and how clients and contractors view it externally. Companies need to make sure they are following the law when it comes to laying off staff, including paying out severance as required by each province based on an employee’s years of service. (2013) Identify The Problem Some reasons that a company would look at reorganization and layoffs would be that the sales of that company have dropped below what they were projecting. To help with costs they may look at laying people off and then reorganizing the employees that are left to help ensure that the internal structure remains in tact to ensure that the company continues to run smoothly. Most companies see layoffs as a way to save money, however most times this is not the case due to the things that the company has to pay out to the employees that were let go. Alternatives to job cuts include transferring staff to other departments, using fewer contract workers, or cutting wages. Whether it’s a termination, where the employee’s job is eliminated, or a layoff, where the employee loses the job for a certain  period of time, a company’s handling of it can have consequences. Explain Why This is the Underlying Problem If sales are lower then expected there might be a bigger problem then just lying off people. However, that is definitely where you should start, but employers need to stick to the rules around termination and ensure the reasons are clear. The negative impact the event can have on employee morale, which in turn can hurt productivity. It’s traumatic to the remaining staff can create fear and resentment. To help manage the disruption, companies need to be compassionate and transparent about why the job losses occurred. If management handles it in a benevolent way it can boost their image as an employer, staff feel motivated and they don’t live in fear. Layoff plan moves forward at GE Transportation, By Jim Martin demonstrates, that after unsuccessful lobbying and failed negotiations aimed at saving jobs, the company planned for its first round of layoffs. The pink slips were to be distributed Monday, giving employees one-week notice of their layoff. GE Transportation, said about 50 employees was expected to retire instead of taking a layoff. While each retirement had the potential to spare one layoff, Duke said he didn’t try to influence anyone’s decision. In a statement from Erickson, the company acknowledged the significance of the job cuts. â€Å"We are taking this difficult step to meet an increasingly challenging marketplace that requires us to reduce costs and improve flexibility to maintain our competitiveness,† she said. â€Å"We understand how hard this action is for everyone affected, including families and the broader community.† She said the company is working closely with the state Department of Labor & Industry’s Rapid Response team to help employees who lose their jobs. (Martin, 2013, Page 1) Reflect On The Group Collaboration Process in Defining the Problem Effectively managing group decision-making has three requirements: (1) an appropriate leadership style, (2) the constructive use of disagreement and conflict, and (3) the enhancement of creativity. The most constructive type of conflict is cognitive conflict, or differences in perspectives or judgments about issues. In contrast, affective conflict is emotional and directed at other people. The dialectic goes a step beyond devil’s advocacy  by requiring a structured debate about two conflicting courses of action. The dialectic goes a step beyond devil’s advocacy by requiring a structured debate about two conflicting courses of action. Custom-made solutions are necessary, so the group must be creative in generating ideas. The leader of a decision-making body must attempt to minimize process-related problems. How a Clearly Defined Problem Could Help Find The Solutions The first stage in the decision-making process is to recognize that a problem exists and must be solved. Typically, a manager realizes some discrepancy between the current state (the way things are) and a desired state (the way things ought to be). Such discrepancies—say, in organizational or unit performance—may be detected by comparing current performance against (1) past performance, (2) the current performance of other organizations or units, or (3) future expected performance as determined by plans and forecasts. Recognizing that a problem or opportunity exists is only the beginning of this stage. The decision maker must dig in deeper and attempt to diagnose the situation. The following questions are useful to ask and answer in this stage. The â€Å"problem† may be an opportunity that needs to be exploited: a gap between what the organization is doing now and what it can do to create a more positive future. In that case, decisions involve choosing how to sei ze the opportunity. (Bateman, 2013, Page) Critical thinking plays a major role in the decision making process. Problem Identification and formulation aids in management’s ability find custom solutions using a creative generation. Reference Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2013). Management: Leading & collaborating in a competitive world (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Bouw, B. (2013, June 28). Mismanaged layoffs can go ‘horribly wrong’. The Globe and Mail, B.14. Martin, J. (2013, November 3). Layoff plan moves forward at GE Transportation. McClatchy — Tribune Business News, n/a.

Power Failure The Inside Story Of The Collapse Of Enron

General Power Failure: The Inside Story of the Collapse of Enron, Mimi Swartz and Sherron Watkins, 432 pages, March 25, 2003, Crown Publishing Group, ISBN: 978-0-767-91368-3 Authors The book is written by two authors: Mimi Swartz and Sherron Watkins. Mimi Swartz is a journalist who graduated from Hampshire College. She has written for many publications. Her work has been included in Slate, Vanity Fair, National Geographic, The New Yorker, and the New York Times. Currently, she serves as an executive editor for Texas Monthly. Ms. Swartz is a long time resident of Texas, and was able to use her experiences and insight into the Texan psyche to highlight the personalities of the Texas company and the attitude of its employees. Sherron†¦show more content†¦Sherron is uniquely qualified to offer experiences that she personally witnessed during her tenure there. As an accountant, she was able to understand and explain the intricate details of what went wrong at Enron. Summary Power Failure is a book that tells the story of Enron from the point of view of one of the book’s authors, Sherron Watkins. The basic premise of the book is given in the first chapter when Tom Peters warns the attendees of a corporate conference that â€Å"An excess of self-confidence kills companies† (Swartz Watkins, 2003, Loc. 306). First, the authors describe the November management conference of 2000. The point describes Sherron’s experience at the conference and her interaction with several key people, among whom were Jeff Skilling and Andy Fastow. Next, the authors of the book advance through a timeline starting with a brief biography of Ken Lay. The timeline of Enron carries into company’s desire to continue to expand and grow. Secondly, the narrative symbolizes the rise of Andy Fastow who ultimately ran the various shell companies that were instrumental in keeping debts off the balance sheets. Thirdly, the book describes Sherron Watkinsâ₠¬â„¢s attempt at getting her leadership to correct the problems and admit to the stakeholders the true financial situation of Enron. Power Failure highlights the letters she sent to Ken Lay. Ms. Watkins wrote to